Sliding sliding door module with sensor-monitored over-center locking and operating method for this

专利摘要:
A swiveling sliding door module (100... 107) for a rail vehicle is specified which has a door leaf (20, 22) which can be moved in an opening direction (27) and a sliding direction (33) and a first over-center interlock (30, 30) acting in the opening direction (27). 31, 74, 84, 92). A first sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) is arranged on a component (8..12) of the first over-center interlock (30, 31, 74, 84, 92), or the sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) is directed to the component (8..12). The output signal of the sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) is steplessly or divided into at least 8 stages. The said component (8..12) of the first over-center interlock (30, 31, 74, 84, 92) is also required to maintain a dead center position. Furthermore, a method for operating the swivel sliding door module (100... 107) and a control (38) for carrying out the method are specified.
公开号:AT514887A2
申请号:T50815/2013
申请日:2013-12-10
公开日:2015-04-15
发明作者:
申请人:Knorr Bremse Ges Mit Beschränkter Haftung；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The invention relates to a sliding door module for a rail vehicle, comprising a door which is movable in a Ausstellrichtung and a sliding direction, and a first acting in Ausstellrichtung the door leaf over-center interlock. The invention further relates to a method for determining an operating state of a sliding sliding door module for a rail vehicle, wherein the sliding sliding door module comprises a movable in a Ausstellrichtung and a sliding direction door leaf and a first acting in Ausstellrichtung the door leaf over-the-counter lock. Finally, the invention also relates to a controller for determining an operating state of a sliding sliding door module for a rail vehicle, wherein the sliding sliding door module comprises a movable in a Ausstellrichtung and a sliding direction door leaf and a first acting in Ausstellrichtung the door leaf over-center interlock.
Schwenkschiebetürmodule, controls and methods of the above type are basically known. Übertotpunktverriegelungen be used for some time to move doors of rail vehicles in Ausstellrichtung and also in a de-energized state of door drives previously unintentional popping up and thus ensure the safety of passengers.
For example, EP 1 314 626 B1 discloses a pivoting sliding door for vehicles with at least one door leaf which is displaceable in its longitudinal direction and which is suspended in a carrying guide and is displaceably guided. The carrying guide can be moved together with the door leaf from a closed position into a displaced position, in which the door leaf lies outside in front of the vehicle wall. The arrangement is such that the support guide device in the closed position in a dead center, so that the door can not be opened by pressing from inside. The guidance and support of the door leaf takes place in the region of the lower edge via roller guides, which are each connected to a arranged on a vertically arranged in the door frame rotary column first pivot lever. At its upper end, the rotary column carries a second pivoting lever, which is connected via a connecting rod with the carrying guide, so that a displacement of the carrying guide causes a rotational movement of the rotary column.
Without further measures, however, the operators of a rail vehicle or the passengers transported with it, can weigh in false security, because although an intact over-the-counter locking ensures the closed position of the door wing under static load, dynamic effects in the operation of the rail vehicle can cause it to jump open unexpectedly. These dynamic effects can be vibrations that occur in the operation of the rail vehicle, but also singular events, such as pressure waves in train encounters and tunnel entrances, or even worn door seals that no longer produce the necessary back pressure.
In addition, wear during operation of the swing door module may result in reduced function or malfunction. In particular, the response of the swing door module to dynamic effects in the operation of the rail vehicle may change over time. A load that has not led to any unexpected opening of the door leaf during commissioning, may possibly cause this at a later date. In addition, the components of a sliding door module are not immune to material failure, which can result in very dangerous situations when such a functional failure is not detected promptly or if this is not readily apparent.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved swing door module, an improved control for a swing door module, and a method of operating a swing door module. In particular, the above-mentioned disadvantages should be avoided and the reliability of a sliding door module should be increased.
The object of the invention is achieved by a sliding door module of the type mentioned, additionally comprising a first arranged on a component of the first Übertotpunktverriegelung or directed to this sensor whose first output signal is continuously or is divided into at least 8 stages, said component of the first Übertotpunktverriegelung is required to maintain a dead center. Further advantageous values are at least 16 or at least 64 stages.
The object of the invention is further achieved by a method of the type mentioned, in which a first stepless or at least 8 stages subdivided output of a first on a component of the first Übertotpunktverriegelung arranged or evaluated on this sensor is evaluated, said component for Maintaining a dead center is required.
The object of the invention is finally achieved by a control of the type mentioned, which is adapted to evaluate a first continuously variable or at least 8 stages divided output signal of a first arranged on a component of the first Übertotpunktverriegelung or sensor, said Component is required to maintain a dead center.
Through the use of said sensor or the evaluation of its signal, important information about the state of the over-center interlock and the swing-and-slide door module can be obtained in general. As a result, the above-mentioned disadvantages can be avoided and the reliability of the sliding sliding door module can be significantly increased.
A " over-center lock " usually comprises at least two hingedly interconnected levers which can be brought by rotation in such a position in which a movement of the door normal to its fa ce with respect to the carriage is not possible. The over-center interlock is then in the " dead center position ".
Accordingly, the " dead point " that position of the over-center interlock, in which an external force or force component normally acting on the surface of the door leaf can not cause normal movement of the door leaf onto its surface with respect to the car. Often the Flebel an over-center interlock are rotatably mounted about a carriage-fixed pivot point or a door-fixed point. It is also conceivable that a lever or more levers is guided in a backdrop.
When using a gate, the Übertotpunktverriegelung may also have only a rotatable lever.
The required for maintaining a dead center components of the over-center interlock are those that are essential for holding the dead center. An (intellectual) removal of such a part would immediately lead to the dead center position can not be maintained. For example, these are those articulated levers that can be rotated to a dead center position. Drive elements such as rotary columns, gears, motors and the like are the dead center but virtually free of driving forces and can be (mentally) removed. These elements do not form components necessary to maintain a dead center position.
Within the scope of the invention, a " sensor " a continuous or divided into at least 8 stages output signal. A " switch " is therefore not a sensor in the context of the invention.
Instead of a lever can be used in a Übertotpunktverriegelung equivalent rotatably mounted discs with an eccentric pin or an eccentric bearing point.
Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the description in conjunction with the figures.
It is advantageous if the sliding sliding door module has a second arranged on a component of a second Übertotpunktverriegelung or directed to this sensor whose first output signal is continuously or is divided into at least 8 stages, wherein the second Übertotpunktverriegelung also acts in Ausstellrichtung the door leaf and said component to maintain a dead center is required. It is advantageous in this context, moreover, if in the disclosed method, a second stepless or at least 8 stages divided output of a second arranged on a component of a second Übertotpunktverriegelung or sensor is evaluated, the second Übertotpunktverriegelung also in Ausstellrichtung of Door leaf acts and the said component is required to maintain a dead center. the first output signal is compared with the second output signal and an alarm for a defect of the sliding sliding door module is triggered when the deviation between the first and the second output signal exceeds a predefinable threshold value.
In this connection, it is furthermore advantageous if the disclosed controller is designed to carry out the above method, that is to say that the controller is connected to the first and second sensor and is set up for this purpose is a second continuously variable output signal or a second output signal divided into at least 8 stages to be arranged on a component of a second Übertotpunktverriegelung or evaluated on this sensor, the second Übertotpunktverriegelung also acts in the direction of the door leaf and the said component is required to maintain a dead center. Compare the first output signal with the second output signal and trigger an alarm for a defect of the sliding door module when the deviation between the first and the second output signal exceeds a predetermined threshold.
In the event that two sensors are arranged at two different over-center interlocks, the first output signal of the first sensor can be compared with the second output signal of the second sensor and an alarm for a defect of the sliding door module are triggered when the deviation between the first and the second output signal exceeds specified threshold. For example, such a deviation may be caused by the fact that the drive mechanism is adjusted, worn or even broken.
In general, an alarm can be issued in different ways and / or logged, that is stored. For example, an information lamp can be activated or a sound can be output. An alarm message can also be output in text form and in particular transmitted by radio to a hotline. Alternatively or additionally, an alarm, in particular including a time stamp, can be stored in a memory. This can also be subsequently determined how long a defect of the sliding door module already exists. It is advantageous if the first / second sensor a) is designed to detect at least one parameter of the spatial position of at least one moving component of the first / second over-center interlock, which is required to maintain a dead-center position, and / or b) to detect a movement of the first said component and / or c) for detecting an acceleration of said component and / or d) for detecting a force acting on or in said component force.
Accordingly, it is expedient for the first / second sensor in the presented method a) to detect at least one parameter of the spatial position of at least one moving component of the first / second over-center interlock, which is required to maintain a dead-center position, and / or b) to move the sensor c) an acceleration of said component and / or d) a force acting on or in said component.
In the above context, it is also advantageous if the first / second sensor in case a) as a position sensor, rotary encoder, speed sensor with time integration or acceleration sensor with time integration, in case b) as a motion sensor, position sensor with time differentiation, encoders with time differentiation or acceleration sensor with time integration, in case c) as an acceleration sensor, motion sensor with time differentiation, position sensor with time differentiation or rotary encoder with time differentiation and / or in case d) is designed as a strain gauge or piezoelectric crystal.
As a " spatial location " In the technical context, the combination of position and orientation of an object is generally referred to. The position is indicated by a tuple of three coordinates, the position by a tuple of three angles. A " spatial location parameter " is therefore one of these coordinates or one of these angles.
Position sensors and rotary encoders can each be designed as absolute encoders or differential encoders, as analog sensors or as digital (incremental) sensors. A position sensor measures, for example, a linear displacement of two reference points of the over-center interlock, a rotary encoder, for example, a rotation of parts of the Übertotpunktverriegelung. By means of a time differential, the position sensor / rotary encoder can detect not only one position / angular position but also one speed / angular speed. The speed / angular velocity can also be measured directly via a speed sensor. In addition, the acceleration / angular acceleration can be determined via the second derivative. The latter can also be measured directly with an acceleration sensor which is attached to a component of the over-center interlock. A temporal integral can in turn be a speed / angular velocity and an integral of the speed / angular velocity a position / angular position can be determined. Finally, it is also possible to measure the forces acting in a component of the over-center interlock or the forces acting on it. For example, this can be done via strain gauges, which are connected in a measuring bridge, or via piezoelectric sensors, which can measure, for example, a compressive load or shear stress.
It is furthermore advantageous if the swiveling sliding door module has a switch arranged on or actuated by a component of the first / second over-center interlock, wherein said component is required to maintain a dead-center position. With the help of such a switch, the first / second sensor in case a) can be advantageously calibrated. In the disclosed method, in case a), the first / second sensor is calibrated during movement of the door leaf between an open position and a closed position by means of a signal occurring during this movement of the switch arranged on or actuated by a component of the first / second over-center interlock wherein said component is required to maintain a dead center position. This variant is particularly advantageous if the sensors used are differential value encoders (and not absolute value encoders). For example, the switching signal used for the calibration may occur in the end position of an over-center interlock. For this purpose, the switch can be mounted on a stop the Übertotpunktverriegelung or operated by this. Said switch is often already present in a sliding door module to turn off a door drive (limit switch) and / or indicate the closed position of the door leaf. The switch can thus provide a multiple benefit. Of course, the switch can also be arranged at a different position and thus output the switching signal at another point.
It is also advantageous if an alarm for a defect of the sliding sliding door module is triggered if a spatial position of the at least one component and / or a movement thereof and / or a force on or in the same at a time outside a predetermined reference range, to which a signal occurring during a movement of the door leaf between an open position and a closed position of a switch is detected, which is arranged on a component of the first / second Übertotpunktverriegelung or operated by this, said component is required to maintain a dead center. In this way, therefore, a plausibility check between the output signals of the sensor and the switch can be performed. If the current actual signal of the switch and the measuring signal of the sensor do not correlate, this leads to the conclusion that a defect has occurred on the sliding sliding door module.
It is advantageous if the door drive is turned off when in case a) at least one parameter of a spatial position of the said component is detected, which is associated with a closed position of the door leaf, and / or detected in the case b) ends of a movement of said component is and / or in case c) a deceleration of a movement of said component is detected and / or in case d) acting on or in said component force is detected above a predetermined threshold, and the last detection of the closed position of the door leaf influencing control command is preceded by a control command to close the door leaf.
The sensor is thus used in this case for switching off the door drive when reaching the end position (closed position) of the door leaf. It is detected that it occupies a certain position (case a), or that it stops (case b, case c and case d). Cases b), c) and d) occur in any case when the drive mechanism is moved against a stop, but even if an obstacle prevents the door from closing, for example a passenger. Thus, the presented variant can also be used as a safety circuit (Einklemmerkennung).
It is furthermore advantageous if a door drive is actuated in the direction of the closed position of the door leaf, if in case a) at least one parameter of a spatial position of said component is detected, which is associated with an opening of the door leaf above a predefinable threshold value, and / or Case b) a movement of the said component causing the opening of the door is detected above a predefinable threshold value and / or in case c) an acceleration of said component causing the door opening is detected above a predefinable threshold value and / or in case d) a the opening of the door leaf causing and acting on the or in said component force is detected above a predetermined threshold, and the detection is not preceded by a control command for opening the door as the last control the closing position of the door control influence control command. Dynamic loads occurring on a sliding sliding door module can initiate an opening of the door leaf. For example, pressure waves, such as those created during tunnel entrances and train encounters, can cause the door leaf to be moved in the direction of the dead center or even beyond. Even passengers shaking or pulling on the door can cause such unwanted movement of the door leaf. In the proposed variant, however, the door leaf is driven in the direction of the closed position, if such an external influence is detected to counteract this influence and keep the door closed despite the said external influence or if this is not possible, the door as quickly as possible to close again.
Conversely, it is also advantageous if the door drive is driven in the direction of the open position of the door leaf, if in case a) at least one parameter of a spatial position of said component is detected, which is associated with a closure of the door leaf over a predetermined threshold, and / or in the case b) a movement of the said component causing the closure of the door is detected above a predefinable threshold value and / or in case c) an acceleration of said component causing the closure of the door leaf is detected above a predefinable threshold value and / or in case d) a force causing the closure of the door leaf and acting on the or in said component over a predetermined threshold value is detected, and the detection as the last control command affecting the closed position of the door leaf is not preceded by a control command for closing the door leaf. As a result, an undesired closure of the door is prevented or initiated by a passenger but unwanted closing movement braked.
It is particularly advantageous if the actual motor current of a door drive of the sliding sliding door module is measured as a function of a signal of the first / second sensor and / or a time and an alarm for a defect of the sliding door module or an obstacle in the direction of movement of the door leaf is triggered, if the course of the actual motor current is outside a desired range. If the currently measured actual motor current or its course deviates strongly from a reference value or reference curve, this leads to the conclusion that under certain circumstances a defect has occurred at the sliding-door module. In particular, when the motor current is excessive, it is also conceivable that an obstacle is in the direction of movement of the door leaf, for example a passenger. For the measurement, an external temperature, an internal temperature and / or a temperature of the sliding sliding door module can generally be taken into account. The reference profile can be programmed in fixed during the manufacture of the sliding door module or initially recorded, for example, during commissioning. The actual motor current recorded during the initialization or its actual profile forms the desired motor current or its desired profile in sequence. With the help of a predetermined tolerance, the setpoint range for the motor current or its course is determined as a result.
In a particularly advantageous variant of the course of the motor current over time and the course of a signal of the first / second sensor over time is used for the assessment of the operating state of the sliding door module. If the speed of movement of the door leaf changes or stops and if there is a delay in the increase of the motor current, this can be an indication of an increased bearing play and / or play in the drive train of the sliding sliding door module. Play in the drive train can be caused for example by (increased) backlash of a gear transmission. If the movement of the door leaves despite normal motor current in the normal range, this may be an indication that a passenger inhibits the door in its movement or increased bearing friction exists. It is also conceivable that the door drive comes into generator mode. This can occur, for example, when a passenger manually moves the door leaf when the engine is deactivated. Under certain circumstances, it can also lead to a turning of the current, that is, to a change of the door drive from the engine operation in the generator mode. For example, this case may occur when a passenger moves the door faster than the door operator.
It is particularly advantageous if an alarm for increased bearing play and / or play in the drive train is triggered if movement of the at least one component and / or a force on or in the same is detected only after a predefinable delay time after the door drive is switched on and / or said movement or said force remains below a threshold value. For example, an increased bearing clearance in the bearings of the moving parts of the sliding sliding door module or, for example, backlash cause a movement of the door only after a certain time (ie after breaking down all storage games / games in the drive train) after switching on the door drive uses and / or not done in the expected size. Accordingly, an alarm for increased bearing clearance and / or play in the drive train can be triggered if a movement of a component of an over-center interlock and / or a force on or in the same is detected only after a predeterminable delay time after switching on the door drive and / or said movement respectively the said force remains below a threshold value. Accordingly, the operator of the rail vehicle may be informed that the swing door module should be serviced or that such maintenance will be forthcoming soon. For example, an estimated remaining operating time can also be determined and output. For completeness, it is noted that the Übertotpunktver locks are part of the powertrain. Games that appear "behind" a sensor of the Übertotpunktverriegelung seen from the drive motor, however, remain unconsidered in this variant.
It is furthermore particularly advantageous if an alarm for increased bearing play and / or play in the drive train is triggered if a movement of the at least one component and / or a force on or in the same is detected in a range between a first and a second threshold value, although the door drive is switched off. For example, external forces acting on the sliding door module may result in movement within the sliding door module without being initiated by a door operator. The above for informing an operator of a rail vehicle and for building a drive train is mutatis mutandis applicable to this variant.
It is furthermore particularly advantageous if an alarm for increased bearing clearance, increased play in the drive train and / or excessive deformation of the drive train is triggered when the deviation between the first output signal of the first sensor and the second output signal of the second sensor in a range between a first and a second threshold is detected. Low clearance, low driveline drag, and / or low driveline drift should more or less balance the positions, first and second over-center lock movements, or the forces acting on or acting thereon. If this no longer applies and there is a significant deviation between the first and second over-center interlocking, then it can be assumed that increased bearing play, increased play in the drive train and / or excessive deformation of a component in the drive train is responsible for this. This variant can be applied when the door drive is switched on or off, so the check can be carried out, in particular, in a largely load-free state. For the sake of completeness, it is again noted that the over-center locks are part of the powertrain. Games and deformations that occur "behind" a sensor of the Übertotpunktverriegelung seen from the drive motor, remain unconsidered in this variant.
It is also particularly advantageous if an alarm is triggered for a break in the sliding sliding door module if a movement of the at least one component and / or a force on or in the same after the door drive is switched on is detected below a predefinable limit value. In this variant, it is therefore checked whether the switching on of the door drive ever leads to a significant reaction to the Übertotpunktverriegelung. If this is not true, then it can be concluded that there has been a break within the drive train, since the motion / force of the engine is not forwarded in the manner anticipated to the over-center interlock. For example, the tooth flanks of a motor pinion could be broken or heavily worn.
It is also particularly advantageous if an alarm for a break in the sliding sliding door module is triggered if movement of the at least one component and / or a force on or in the same is detected in a region above a third threshold, even though the door drive is switched off. For example, external forces acting on the sliding door module may in turn result in movement within the sliding door module without being initiated by a door operator. However, in this case they are so large that an increased bearing clearance, increased play in the drive train and / or excessive deformation of the drive train can no longer be held responsible. The statements made above on the construction of a drive train and on informing an operator of a rail vehicle are analogously applicable to this variant.
It is also particularly advantageous if an alarm is triggered for a break in the sliding sliding door module when the deviation between the first output signal of the first sensor and the second output signal of the second sensor is detected in a region above a third threshold value. If excessive deviations occur between the positions, movements of the first and second over-center interlocks, or the forces acting thereon, it may be assumed that a break in the connection between said over-center interlocks has occurred. The mentioned deviation is therefore so great that it can no longer be assumed that there is an increased bearing clearance, an increased play in the drive train and / or an excessive deformation of the drive train. This variant can be applied when the door drive is switched on or off, so the check can be carried out, in particular, in a largely load-free state.
It is also particularly advantageous if an alarm for increased bearing clearance increased play in the drive train, excessive deformation of the drive train and / or a break in Schwenkschiebetürmodul is triggered if a movement of the at least one component and / or a force on or in the same in a frequency range is detected above a threshold, in particular above 100 Hz. Due to the existing in the sliding sliding door module moving masses can be assumed that a low-pass behavior, that is, above a certain frequency no oscillations should occur with significant amplitude in normal operation. If this is still the case, it can be assumed that a connection to vibration-damping masses in the drive train is interrupted or has only a limited effect. Accordingly, a raised bearing clearance alarm may be triggered in the powertrain, excessive drive train deformation, and / or a break in the swing door module if movement of a component of an over-center lock and / or force on or in a frequency range above a threshold, in particular above 100 Hz, is detected. The information already given for informing an operator of a rail vehicle and for constructing a drive train is mutatis mutandis applicable to this variant.
In a further advantageous variant of the presented method, an alarm for too low a pressure of a door seal is triggered when a motor current and / or a force on or in a component of the over-center interlock lies on reaching the closed position of the door leaf below a predefinable threshold value. If the said motor current or said force is below a certain value, it can be assumed that the door seal is defective, since it is no longer sufficiently strong pressed against a wall of the rail vehicle or not sufficiently strong against another seal and the Seal function is therefore no longer met. It is favorable in this context if the motor current and / or the force in the region of the dead center or at the dead center itself is measured. In this way, the measurements are well reproducible or well comparable.
It is also particularly advantageous if the threshold value is adjusted on the basis of a measured temperature, in particular based on a measured temperature in or on the door seal. In this way, a temperature-dependent elastic modulus of the door seal can be taken into account, so that a comparatively low value for the above-mentioned motor current or the above-mentioned force at high temperatures does not result in a false alarm.
It should be noted at this point that the embodiments disclosed for the method and the resulting advantages relate equally to the control for determining / bringing about an operating state of a sliding sliding door module or the sliding sliding door module and vice versa.
For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
Figure 1 is a first schematically illustrated example of a sliding door module with an overhead Übertotpunktverriegelung in an oblique view.
2 shows a second schematically illustrated example of a sliding door module with two Übertotpunktverriegelungen in an oblique view.
FIG. 3 shows the over-center interlocking of the swiveling sliding door module of FIG. 1 in detail; FIG.
4 shows an example of a rotary encoder arranged on an extension lever of the over-center interlock;
Fig. 5 as shown in FIG. 4, with only one additional switch on a connection lever of the Übertotpunktverriegelung;
Fig. 6 as shown in Figure 4, only with an additional switch on a stop the Übertotpunktverriegelung.
FIG. 7 shows an example of a rotary encoder arranged between the release lever and the connecting lever; FIG.
8 shows an example of a force sensor or acceleration sensor arranged on the connecting lever;
9 shows an example of a force sensor or acceleration sensor arranged on the deployment lever;
10 shows an example of a force or pressure sensor arranged in a bearing of the deployment lever;
11 is another diagrammatically illustrated example of a sliding sliding door module in an oblique view;
FIG. 12 shows in detail the upper part of the sliding sliding door module from FIG. 11; FIG.
Fig. 13 the lower part of the sliding sliding door module of Figure 11 in detail.
Fig. 14 is a schematic representation of the sliding sliding door module
Fig. 11 from above;
Fig. 15 similar to Fig. 14, with only a different arrangement of levers;
FIG. 16 is similar to FIG. 14, but with a swing-out mechanism for the door drive instead of the push-pull mechanism used in FIG. 14; FIG.
Fig. 17 is similar to Fig. 16, but with a different arrangement of flecks;
FIG. 18 is similar to FIG. 14, but with a gate control; FIG.
FIG. 19 is similar to FIG. 18, but with a swing-out mechanism for the door drive instead of the push-pull mechanism used in FIG. 18; FIG.
20 shows a schematically illustrated example of a sliding-door module with a laterally displayable carrier in an oblique view;
Fig. 21 similar to the pivoting sliding door module of Fig. 20, with only one lever system for driving the pivot column instead of a rack and pinion drive;
Fig. 22 similar to the sliding sliding door module of FIG. 20, only with a Bowden cable for driving the bottom dead center and
Fig. 23 as Fig. 20, only with additional middle Übertotpunktverriegelungen.
By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the illustrated and described different embodiments may represent for themselves, inventive or inventive solutions.
FIG. 1 shows a greatly simplified illustration of a first pivoting sliding door module 101 for a rail vehicle. The sliding door module 101 comprises a door leaf 20 and a door drive system coupled to the door leaf 20, which causes a deployment movement and a sliding movement of the door leaf 20. The door drive system is shown only in part for better understanding of the arrangement in FIG. 1 (however, see FIG. 11). Specifically, Fig. 1 shows a first Übertotpunktverriegelung 30, which is part of the Türan-drive system and acts in the direction of the door leaf 20 (blocked). Furthermore, in Fig. 1, a lower door bracket 4 and a door seal 5 is shown. Finally, FIG. 1 also schematically shows a wall 6 of the rail vehicle with a door rebate 7. In the closed position, the door seal 5 is pressed into the door rebate 7, so that the door 20 closes tight.
In Fig. 1, a door seal 5 is shown only at the front edge of the door leaf 20. This is of course purely schematic. In general, the door seal 5 is guided around the door leaf 20 so that it seals on all sides. In addition, it is conceivable that, alternatively or in addition to the door seal 5, a rebate seal is provided in the door rebate 7.
FIG. 2 shows another example of a swing door module 102 that is very similar to the swing door module 101 shown in FIG. In contrast to this, however, in addition to the first over-center interlock 31, a second over-center interlock 32 is provided instead of the lower door support 4, which acts in the same way as the first over-center interlock 31.
Fig. 3 shows the Übertotpunktverriegelung 30 now in detail. This comprises a release lever 8, a hingedly connected connecting lever 9 and a stop 10. The release lever 9 is rotatably mounted about a pin 11 which is fixed in position relative to the rail vehicle. The connection between the release lever 8 and the connecting lever 9 is accomplished via another, realized by means of the bolt 12 pivot.
For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed for the following example that the lower door holder 4 and the connecting lever 9 are fixedly connected to the door leaf 20 and for the sliding movement of the door leaf 20, the entire arrangement shown in the plane of the door leaf 20 is moved laterally. It is equally conceivable, however, that the lower door bracket 4 and the connecting lever 9 are slidably mounted in the door leaf 20, so that for the sliding movement of the door leaf 20 of this relative to the lower door bracket 4 and the connecting lever 9 is moved (see also Figs to 23).
During the closing operation, the door leaf 20 is moved in a manner known per se by an over-center path or over-center angle aTP via a dead center TP and moved against the stop 10. As a result, the door leaf 20 can not be opened with an external static force acting on the door leaf 20. If the said force acts outwards (in the illustration downward), only the connecting lever 9 is pressed more strongly against the stop 10, without the door leaf 20 moving. If the said force acts inwardly (in the illustration above), then the deployment lever 8 can be pressed at most until the dead center TP, at least if the process proceeds sufficiently slowly, but not further. The force acting on the door leaf 20 normal force is then on the line connecting the two formed by the bolts 11 and 12 fulcrums. The door leaf 20 thus remains closed as well.
FIG. 3 discloses details of the over-center interlock 30. However, the over-the-air interlocks 31 and 32 are identically constructed, and therefore the disclosed teachings can fully apply over-tempo interlocks 31 and 32.
In general, in addition to the components already mentioned, the disclosed swing door module 101, 102 includes a first sensor located on or directed to a component 8, 9, 11, 12 of the first over-center interlock 30, 31, the first output of which is stepless or divided into at least 8 stages wherein said component 8, 9, 11, 12 of the first over-center interlock 30, 31 is required to maintain a dead center position. Specifically, this concerns in Fig. 3 the release lever 8, the connecting lever 9 and the bolts 11 and 12. For example, the stop 10 could be removed in the dead center, without affecting the persistence of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 30, 31 in the dead center. The stop 10 is therefore not a component that is required to maintain a dead center.
The swivel sliding door module 101, 102 advantageously has a second sensor arranged on or directed towards a component 8, 9, 11, 12 of the second over-center interlock 32 whose first output signal is stepless or subdivided into at least 8 stages, wherein the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 32 also acts in Ausstellrichtung the door leaf 20 and said component is required to maintain a dead center.
For example, the first / second sensor a) for detecting at least one parameter of the spatial position of at least one moving component 8, 9, 11, 12 of the first / second Übertotpunktverriegelung 30..32 is formed, which is required to maintain a dead center. and / or b) for detecting a movement of said component 8, 9, 11, 12 and / or c) for detecting an acceleration of said component 8, 9, 11, 12 and / or d) for detecting a movement on or in the said component 8, 9, 11, 12 acting force.
Fig. 4 shows a first example in which in the region of the bolt 11, a rotary encoder 13 is arranged, for example, as shown as incremental encoder o-which can also be designed as a rotary potentiometer. In this example, the rotary encoder has a simplified incremental disc 14 and a detector 15, wherein the incremental disc 14 is fixed in position relative to the rail vehicle and the detector 15 is arranged on the release lever 8. Of course, the detector 15 fixed in position relative to the rail vehicle and the incremental disc 14 may be arranged on the release lever 8. The detector 15 is then directed only to the deployment lever 8.
In a manner known per se, the detector 15 counts the increments provided on the incremental disk 14 when a relative movement takes place between the two. In this way, a relative movement of the release lever 8 relative to the rail vehicle can be determined. The rotary encoder 13 can work, for example, according to the optical or magnetic principle. Furthermore, the rotary encoder can be configured as an absolute value encoder or as a differential encoder. About a time differential can be determined with the rotary encoder 13 not only the angular position of the deployment lever 8 relative to the rail vehicle, but also its angular velocity and its angular acceleration.
Fig. 5 now shows an embodiment which is very similar to the embodiment shown in Fig. 4. In contrast, however, a switch 16 is arranged on a component of the first over-center interlocking 20, said component being required to maintain a dead-center position. Specifically, the switch 16 is arranged on the connecting lever 9.
For example, the rotary encoder 13, in particular if it is a difference value transmitter, be calibrated during a movement of the door leaf 20 between an open position and a closed position by means of a signal of the switch 16 occurring during this movement. Specifically, in this case, the switching signal occurs in the end position of the over-center interlock 30. Switches of the type mentioned are often already present in a sliding-door module 101, 102 in order to switch off a door drive and / or to indicate the closed position of the door leaf 20. The switch 16 can thus provide multiple benefits. Of course, the switch 16 may also be arranged at a different position and thus output the switching signal at another point.
The arrangement shown can also be used to trigger an alarm for a defect of the sliding sliding door module 101, 102 when a spatial position of the connecting lever 9 (and / or a movement thereof and / or a force on or in the same) at a time outside of predeterminable reference range is located, to which a signal occurring during movement of the door leaf 20 between an open position and a closed position of the switch 16 is detected. Specifically, this means that a once calibrated encoder 13 should retain this calibration per se. If the current actual signal of the switch 16 is obtained at a position which is clearly different from the calibration position, this leads to the conclusion that a defect has occurred on the sliding sliding door module 101, 102.
Fig. 6 shows an arrangement which is very similar to the arrangement shown in Fig. 5. In contrast, the switch 16 is now arranged on the stop 10 and is only actuated by the connecting lever 9.
7 now shows an arrangement in which the rotary encoder 13 is arranged in the region of the bolt 12, whereby a relative movement between the release lever 8 and the connecting lever 9 can be determined. The statements made with regard to FIGS. 4 to 6 also apply mutatis mutandis to the arrangement shown in FIG. 7.
Fig. 8 shows an embodiment in which on the connecting lever 9, a sensor 17 is arranged, which may be formed for example as an acceleration sensor. With this, on the one hand, the movements of the connecting lever 9, on temporal integration but also its location can be determined. However, the sensor 17 can also be designed, for example, as a force sensor, as a result of which the forces occurring in the connection lever 9 can be measured. It is also conceivable that the sensor 17 is designed as a speed sensor.
Fig. 9 now shows an arrangement which is very similar to the arrangement shown in Fig. 8. In contrast, however, the sensor 17 is now arranged on the release lever 8, whereby its movement / position respectively the forces occurring in this can be measured.
Fig. 10 also shows an arrangement in which a bearing of the bolt 11 is provided with radially arranged pressure sensors 18. For example, these pressure sensors 18 may be designed as piezoelectric sensors. In this way it is possible to measure the forces transmitted to the release lever 8. It is also conceivable in this connection that the pressure sensors 18 are arranged on the bolt 11. It is also conceivable that the pressure sensors 18 are arranged on the bolt 12 or on the bearing. For example, then the forces acting on the connecting lever 9 forces can be measured.
Fig. 11 now shows a more detailed example of a sliding door module 103. The sliding door module 103 includes an upper frame 23 and a lower frame 24 which are provided for rigid attachment to the rail vehicle, here on a wall 6 thereof. Furthermore, the pivoting sliding door module 103 comprises an upper door guide 25 and a lower door guide 26, which are movable relative to the frame 23, 24 in a Ausstellrichtung 27 of the sliding door 20. For this purpose, the swivel sliding door module 103 comprises an upper linear guide 28 and a lower linear guide 29, whose bearings are fixedly connected to the upper and lower frame 23 and 24 and are thus fixed in position relative to the wall 6 of the rail vehicle. The linear guides 28 and 29 thus form in this example means for guiding the sliding door 20 in the Ausstellrichtung 27. With the help of the door guides 25 and 26, the sliding door 20 can also be moved in a sliding direction 33.
Furthermore, the swivel sliding door module 103 comprises a motor / door drive 34, the rotor and the stator of which are rotatably mounted about a fixedly arranged in relation to the door guides 25 and 26 pivot point. In addition, the swing door module 103 comprises an over-center lock 31, 32 cooperating with the rotor / stator and a sliding mechanism 20 (integrated with the upper door guide 25) which cooperates with the stator / rotor and which is adapted to open the sliding door 20 one after the other the Ausstellrichtung 27 and the sliding direction 33 to move. With the help of the rotary column 35, the rotational movement of the motor 34 is also transmitted to the lower Übertotpunktverriegelung 31. The arrangement shown in FIG. 11 is also known by the term "stabilizer door".
On the linear guides 28 and 29 linear incremental encoders 36 and 37 are arranged, which are connected to a controller 38. The controller 38 is also connected to the motor 34.
Fig. 12 shows the upper part of the sliding door module 103 in detail now: On the bracket 23, the bearing 39 of the linear guide 22 is fixed, in which the rod 40 is slidably mounted. For example, the linear guide 28 may be formed as a sliding or rolling guide. The rod 40 is fixedly connected to the motor 34, specifically with its housing. The rod 40 thus forms a guide part of the sliding sliding door module 103, which is linearly displaceable relative to the frame 23, 24 transversely to the sliding direction 33 of the sliding door 20 (here normal to said sliding direction 33), and against which the door guide 25 is rigidly arranged.
Inside the motor housing both the rotor and the stator are rotatably mounted around the same. If the motor 34 is activated, a relative movement between the rotor and stator is generated, but neither the rotor nor the stator can be supported on the housing. Instead of the term "stator" can therefore also the term "counter rotor" can be used. In the illustrated example, it is assumed that the rotor is connected to a first gear 41 and the stator is connected to an upper deployment lever 42. However, since both the rotor and the stator are freely rotatable relative to the housing of the motor 34, the stator with the first gear 41 and the rotor with the upper deployment lever 42 can be connected completely equally.
Furthermore, a bearing plate 43 is fixedly connected relative to the rod 40. On this bearing plate 43, a second gear 44, a support roller 45 and a rear guide roller 46 and a front guide roller 47 are rotatably mounted. On the sliding door 20, a support rail 48 is formed or connected thereto, which cooperates with the support roller 45 and the guide rollers 46 and 47. The support rail 48, the support roller 45 and the guide rollers 46 and 47 thus form the upper door guide 25 in this example.
In addition, a rack 49 is formed on the support rail 48 or connected thereto. This rack 49 cooperates with the second gear 44. For this purpose, the second gear 44 is rotatably mounted about a fixedly arranged in relation to the door guide 25 fulcrum. The rotor, the first gear 41 connected thereto, the second gear 44 and the rack 49 thus form the sliding mechanism for the sliding door 20 in this example.
Finally, in Fig. 12, a lever 50 is still provided, which is spaced from the motor axis with the upper deployment lever 42 rotatably connected. Another pivot point of the lever 50 is arranged on the bearing 39. Of course, this pivot point could also be arranged on another component of the sliding sliding door module 103, which is fixed relative to the frame 23. The stator, the associated with this upper release lever 42 and the lever 50 thus form parts of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 in this example.
The incremental encoder 36 comprises a ruler 51 and a detector 52. In a manner known per se, the detectors 52 count the increments provided on the ruler 51 when a relative movement takes place between the two. In this way, a relative movement of the rod 40 and the associated parts relative to the rail vehicle can be determined. The incremental encoder 36 can work, for example, according to the optical or magnetic principle. Furthermore, the incremental encoder 36 may be designed as an absolute value encoder or as a differential encoder. About a time differential can be determined with the incremental encoder 36 not only the position of the rod 40 relative to the rail vehicle, but also its speed and acceleration.
13 shows in detail the lower part of the sliding sliding door module 103:
On the bracket 24, the bearing 53 of a linear guide 29 is fixed, in which the rod 54 is slidably mounted. For example, the linear guide 29 may in turn be designed as a sliding or rolling guide. The rod 54 thus forms a further guide part of the sliding sliding door module 103, which is linearly displaceable relative to the frame 23, 24 transversely to the sliding direction 33 of the sliding door 20 (here normal to said sliding direction 33), and against which the door guide 26 is rigidly arranged.
The rod 54 is fixedly connected to a lower door bearing 55, on which a guide roller 56 is rotatably mounted. This engages in a groove arranged on the sliding door 20 at the bottom (see also FIG. 11) and thus forms the lower door guide 26 with it in this example.
Through a bore 57 in the lower door bearing 55, the rotary column 35 (not shown in Fig. 13) passed and rotatably connected to a lower Ausstellhebel 58. Finally, in Fig. 13 still a Flebel 59 is provided, which is rotatably mounted as in Fig.12 with the lower Ausstellhebel 58 and the bearing 53.
When closing the door leaf 20, the upper over-center interlock 31 and the lower over-center interlock 32 are moved as above a dead center TP. The comments made to Figure 3 is therefore equally applicable to the pivoting sliding door module 103 shown in Figures 11 to 13. The incremental encoder 37 comprises a ruler 60 and a detector 61 and functions in the same whiteness as the incremental encoder 36.
The function of the pivoting sliding door module 103 shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 will now be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 14, which shows the arrangement shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 in a simplified form from above.
In Fig. 14, the arrangement is shown in a first state, in which the sliding door 20 is closed and locked. From this state, the motor 34 is activated, so that the rotor with the first gear 41 and the stator with the upper deployment lever 42 in the direction indicated are rotated against each other. The rotational movement of the first gear 41 is transmitted to the second gear 44 and transmitted to the sliding door 20 by means of the rack 49. However, this is supported against the wall 6 and can not be moved to the left in the state shown. Therefore, the release lever 42 is inevitably rotated in a counterclockwise rotation and away from the stop 62. By the movement of the Ausstellhebels 42, which is connected to the lever 50, the motor 34 together with the sliding door 20 is pressed outwards and thereby guided by the linear guides 28 and 29 (39, 40, 53, 54).
The over-center lock 31 comprising the lever system 42, 50 is also moved over a dead center TP when the sliding door 20 is opened, before the sliding mechanism is actuated, and the motor lever 42 has moved against a stop 63. Since a further rotational movement of the deployment lever 42 is prevented because of the stop 63, now the gears 42 and 44 are rotated and pushed the sliding door 20 in the sliding direction 33.
The components required for maintaining a dead center of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 are in this example, the release lever 42, the lever 50 and the bearing points (in particular the bearings 39, 53) and their connection points.
The pivoting sliding door module 103 shown in FIGS. 11 to 14 in this example comprises incremental encoders 35, 36. Additionally or alternatively, the pivoting sliding door module 103 could also have the sensors 13, 17, 18 illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 10. Of course, the invention is not bound to the concretely disclosed arrangements, but other sensors and / or other positions may be selected therefor. With the help of the incremental encoder 35, 36 and the controller 38, the position of the door leaf 20 in Ausstellrichtung 27 and implicitly so that the position of the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31,32 and their parts can be determined. The controller 38 can now control the motor 34 in accordance with the signals of the incremental encoders 35, 36. For example, the controller 38 may stop the motor 34 when the incremental encoders 35, 36 indicate the closed position of the door leaf 20. Furthermore, the speed of the motor 34 can be varied according to the signals of the incremental encoder 35, 36 in order to achieve a fluid movement sequence. Finally, the controller 38 can also evaluate signals of the motor 34, for example a rotation angle, a rotational speed and / or a motor current and a temperature.
The arrangement now shown in FIG. 15 has a very similar construction to the arrangement shown in FIGS. 11 to 14. However, the lever system of the drive module comprises three levers 64, 65, 66, wherein the lever 65 is rotatably mounted about a pivot point 67. The components required for maintaining a dead center of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 are in this example the deployment lever 42, the lever 64, 65 and their bearing points or connection points.
The arrangement shown in FIG. 16 does not require linear guides 28, 29, since the motor 34 and the components connected thereto can be swung out by means of a lever 68, which is rotatably mounted on a pivot point 69 fixed in relation to the rail vehicle. The deployment lever 42 is connected to a lever 70 which is rotatably mounted about a pivotally fixed in relation to the rail vehicle pivot point 71. The components required for maintaining a dead center of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 are in this example, the release lever 42, the lever 70 and the bearing points or connection points.
The arrangement shown in FIG. 17 has a very similar construction to the arrangement shown in FIG. However, the levers 68 and 70, their bearing points 69 and 71 and the stops 62 and 63 are arranged slightly differently. The components required for maintaining a dead center of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 are in turn the release lever 42, the lever 70 and the bearing points or connection points.
FIG. 18 shows an arrangement which is similar to the arrangement shown in FIG. 14, but in which the deployment lever 42 is guided in a slot 72. The necessary to maintain a dead center components of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 are thus the deployment lever 42 and the link 72 and their bearing points.
FIG. 19 shows a further arrangement, which is similar to the arrangement shown in FIG. 16, but in which the deployment lever 42 is again guided in a slot 72. The necessary to maintain a dead center components of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 are thus turn the Ausstellhebel 42 and the link 72 and their bearing points.
20 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a swing-sliding door module 104. The sliding sliding door module 104 comprises two door leaves 21,22 and a longitudinal direction in the sliding direction of the door wings 21, 22 longitudinally oriented carrier 73 which transverse to its longitudinal extent in the horizontal direction, ie in the Ausstellrichtung 27, is slidably mounted (see the double arrow in FIG. 20). In or on the carrier 73, a linear guide is arranged, by means of which the door leaves 21,22 are slidably mounted. The carrier 73 is moved when opening the door in the Ausstellrichtung 27, which can be done for example with the first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 74 and 75. In this case, the door leaves 21, 22 or drive elements connected to them can be guided in a curved setting, with which the opening movement and displacement movement are "mixed". can be, so that they run at least temporarily simultaneously. That is, the relationship between Ausstellbewegung and displacement movement is controlled by the slide control.
In FIG. 20, the right-hand door leaf 22 is guided over a pin 76 in a guide 77 which is fixedly arranged relative to the rail vehicle (shown with thin lines), so that the raising movement and the sliding movement are always carried out in a predetermined relation to one another. This gate 77 may have a first straight portion, which is aligned in the sliding direction 33 of the sliding door 22, a second portion, which is aligned normal to the first portion, and a curved piece, which connects the two straight sections have. Accordingly, only the sliding movement is permitted in the first section and only the raising movement is permitted in the second section, whereas the sliding movement and the raising movement are carried out simultaneously in the curved section. In FIG. 20, only one of the door leaves 22 is guided in the guide 77, since it is assumed that the other door leaf 21 is kinematically coupled to the door leaf 22 guided in the guide 77, for example via a drive spindle of a linear drive for the sliding movement. Of course, however, both door leaves 21,22 could be performed in a backdrop 77.
The deploying movement of the carrier 73 is converted into a rotational movement of gears 80 and 81 with racks 78, 79 arranged laterally on the carrier 73. These gears 80 and 81 are mounted on rotary columns 82 and 83, which also rotate them and activate the second (lower) over-center locks 84 and 85. The Übertotpunktverriegelungen 74, 75, 84 and 85 analogous to the Übertotpunktverriegelung 30 shown in FIG. 3 each have a rotatably mounted Ausstellhebel 8, a hingedly connected connecting lever 9 and a stopper 10 and pin 11,12.
To understand the function is also noted that the rotary columns 82 and 83 are mounted in pivot bearings, which are firmly anchored in the rail vehicle (ie not be issued as the pivot sliding door module 103). In addition, the bearing points 86 and 87 are firmly anchored in the rail vehicle and so store the connecting lever 10. Now, the release lever 9 of the upper Übertotpunktverriegelungen 74 and 75 set in rotation, the connection lever 10 are based on the bearing points 86 and 87 from and lock the carrier 73 in the Ausstellrichtung 27th
The raising and sliding movement of the door 21,22 can basically be done with several separate motors. For example, a first motor to set the carrier 73 and thus also the rotary columns 82 and 83 in motion, whereas a second motor for the sliding movement of the door 21,22 is provided. For example, the first motor may cause the levers of the upper over-center latches 74 and 75 to rotate. Time-shifted, the second motor is activated and thus causes the sliding movement, which can be realized for example in a conventional manner with a rack and pinion drive, a spindle drive or via a cable.
It is particularly advantageous if the door drive system has a single motor which effects both the raising movement and the sliding movement of the door leaves 21, 22. For example, the engine may be connected to a transmission having two output shafts. One of the shafts may then be connected to the release levers 9 (see Fig. 3) of the first over-center locks 74 and 75, the other shaft to a linear drive system for the door leaves 21,22. It would also be conceivable to use a planetary gear or a motor in which both the rotor and the stator each form an output. The stator is then not as usual usually fixed to the sliding sliding door module 104 but as the rotor rotatably mounted (see also Fig. 11). For the sliding movement, the door leaves 21, 22 are mounted in the upper region on a linear guide on the support 73 and in the lower region by means of a groove in which the connecting levers of the lower over-center locks 84 and 85 are guided. The linear drive system for the door leaves 21, 22 can in turn be realized in a conventional manner with a rack drive, a spindle drive or via a cable.
FIG. 21 now shows another variant of a sliding sliding door module 105, which is very similar to the sliding sliding door module 104 shown in FIG. In contrast, the rotational movement of the rotary column 83 is not effected with a rack drive, but transferred to the transmission lever 88 and the rotary lever 89 on the rotary column 83. If the upper Übertotpunktverriegelung 75 is released, the transmission lever 88 is pulled to the left, causing the rotary lever 89 and the rotary column 83 to start to rotate and solve the lower Übertotpunktverriegelung 85 in a row.
It should be noted at this point that only one half of a sliding sliding door module 105 is shown in FIG. In general, however, the illustrated embodiments are suitable for both single-leaf and multi-leaf sliding sliding door modules. Furthermore, it is noted that in the figure 21, the pin 76 and the link 77 are not shown. Of course, these can also be provided for the pivot sliding door modules 104 shown in FIG. 21.
FIG. 22 shows still another example of a swing-and-slide door module 106, which is also very similar to the swing-and-slide door module 104 shown in FIG. 20 and the swing-and-slide door module 105 shown in FIG. In contrast to this, the drive of the second (lower) Übertotpunktverriegelungen 84, 85 but with Bowden cables 90, 91 causes. The movement of the deployment lever 8 or connecting lever 9 of the upper Übertotpunktverriegelungen 74, 75 using the Bowden cables 90, 91 on the release lever 8 and connecting lever 9 of the lower Übertotpunktverriegelungen 84, 85 is transmitted. The Bowden cables 90, 91 can also be designed as hydraulic Bowden cables.
FIG. 23 shows still another example of a swing door module 107, which is also very similar to the swing door module 104 shown in FIG. In contrast, however, in the middle region of the door further second Übertotpunktverriegelungen 92, 92 are provided. For the pivot sliding door modules 104... 107 shown in FIGS. 20 to 23, the components of the over-center interlocks 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93 required for maintaining a dead center position are defined by the respective extension levers 8, connecting levers 9 and bolts 11, 12 are formed. A rack and pinion drive 78, 79, 80, 81 (FIGS. 20, 23), a connecting lever 88 and rotary lever 89 (FIG. 21), a Bowden cable 90, 91 (FIG. 22) and a rotary column 82, 83 (FIG. 21:23) are not necessary.
Accordingly, the sensors 13, 17, 18 in connection with the pivot sliding door modules 104... 107 shown in FIGS. 20 to 23 can be arranged, for example, as in FIGS. 4 to 10.
With the aid of the sensors 13, 17, 18, extensive measurements can now be carried out on a swiveling sliding door module 100... 107 and its operating state determined, or a specific operating state can be brought about with corresponding actuators, as will be explained in detail below.
In the event that two sensors 13, 17, 18 at two different Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31,32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93 are arranged, the first output signal of the first sensor 13,17,18 with the second output signal of the second Sensors 13, 17, 18 are compared and an alarm for a defect of
Schwenkschiebetürmoduls 100..107 be triggered when the deviation between the first and the second output signal exceeds a predetermined threshold. For example, such a deviation may be caused by the fact that the drive mechanism is adjusted, worn or even broken. Of course, a sliding door module 100..107 is not tied to the application of one sensor or two sensors 13, 17, 18, and more than two sensors 13, 17, 18 may be used. For example, a sensor 13, 17, 18 may be disposed on the pivoting sliding door module 107 of FIG. 23 on more than two or even each of the over-center interlocks 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93.
It is also conceivable that the door drive 34 of a sliding sliding door module 100..107 is turned off when in case a) at least one parameter of a spatial position of a component of the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 30, 31,32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93rd is detected (for example, a rotation angle, or a position), which is associated with a closed position of the door leaf 20, 21,22, and / or in case b) an end of a movement of said component is detected and / or in case c) a deceleration a movement of said component is detected and / or in case d) a force acting on the or in said component over a predetermined threshold value is detected, and the detection as the last control the closing position of the door leaf 20, 21,22 influencing control command a control command to Closing of the door 20, 21,22 has preceded. The sensor 13, 17, 18 is thus used in this case for switching off the door drive 34 upon reaching the end position (closed position) of the door leaf 20, 21,22. It is detected that it occupies a certain position (case a), or that it stops (case b, case c and case d). Cases b), c) and d) occur in any case when the drive mechanism is moved against a stop (see, for example, the stops 10, 62, 63), but even if an obstacle, the closing of the door leaf 20, 21, 22 prevents, for example, a
Passenger. Thus, the presented variants can also be used as a safety circuit.
In a further variant, a door drive 34 of a sliding sliding door module 100..107 is actuated in the direction of the closed position of the door leaf 20, 21, 22, if in case a) at least one parameter of a spatial position of a component of one of the over-center interlocks 30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93 is detected, which is associated with an opening of the door leaf 20, 21, 22 above a predetermined threshold value, and / or in the case b) the opening of the door leaf 20, 21,22 causing movement of said Component is detected above a predetermined threshold and / or in case c) the opening of the door leaf 20, 21,22 causing acceleration of said component over a predetermined threshold value is detected and / or in the case d) an opening of the door leaf 20, 21st , 22 acting and acting on the or in said component force is detected above a predetermined threshold value, and the detection last the closed position of the T door control 20, 21,22 influencing control command is not preceded by a control command to open the door leaf 20, 21,22. Dynamic loads occurring on a sliding sliding door module 100... 107 can initiate an opening of the door leaf 20, 21, 22. For example, pressure waves, such as occur at tunnel entrances and Zugbegegnungen that the door leaf 20, 21, 22 is moved in the direction of the dead center TP or even beyond. Even passengers who shake or pull on the door can cause such unwanted movement of the door leaf 20, 21,22. In the proposed variant, however, the door drive 34 is driven in the direction of the closed position, if such an external influence is detected to counteract this influence and keep the door 20, 21,22 closed despite the influence or if this is not possible, the door 20, 21, 22 as soon as possible.
In one variant, the actual motor current of a door drive 34 of a swing sliding door module 100... 107 is measured as a function of a signal of the first / second sensor 13, 17, 18 and / or a time, and an alarm for a defect of the sliding sliding door module is displayed 100..107 or an obstacle in the direction of movement of the door leaf 20..22 is triggered when the course of the actual motor current is outside a desired range. If the currently measured actual motor current or its course deviates strongly from a reference value or reference curve, this leads to the conclusion that under certain circumstances a defect has occurred on the sliding sliding door module 100... 107, in particular if the motor current is significantly smaller than expected. If the motor current is significantly increased, it would also be conceivable that an obstacle is located in the direction of movement of the door leaf 20..22. For the measurement, an external temperature, an internal temperature and / or a temperature of the sliding sliding door module 100... 107 can also be taken into account.
In a particularly advantageous variant of the course of the motor current over current and the course of a signal of the first / second sensor 13, 17, 18 over time used for the assessment of the operating state of the sliding door module 100..107. If the movement of the door leaf 20.22 stops and there is a delayed increase in the motor current, this can be an indication of an increased bearing clearance and / or play in the drive train of the swiveling sliding door module 100..107. If the movement of the door leaf 20..22 remains in the normal range despite the applied motor current, this may be an indication that a passenger is inhibiting the door leaf 20..22 or that there is increased bearing friction.
An increased bearing clearance in the bearings of the moving parts and / or play in the drive train of the sliding sliding door module 100..107 can also cause a movement of the door leaf 20, 21,22 only after a certain time (ie after all (bearing) games) after switching on the door drive 34 is used. Consequently, an alarm for increased bearing clearance and / or play in the drive train may be triggered when movement of a component of an over-center interlock 30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93 and / or a force on or in the same first is detected after a predetermined delay time after switching on the door drive 34 and / or said movement respectively the said force remains below a threshold value. However, it is also conceivable that such an alarm is triggered when a movement of said component and / or a force on or in the same is detected in a range between a first and a second threshold, although the door drive 34 is turned off. For example, external forces acting on the swivel sliding door module 100... 107 may lead to movement within the sliding sliding door module 100... 107 without being initiated by a door drive 34. An alarm for increased bearing play, increased play in the drive train and / or excessive deformation of the drive train can furthermore be triggered when the deviation between the first output signal of a first over-center interlock 30, 31, 74, 84, 92 provided first sensor 13, 17, 18 and the second output signal of a second sensor 13, 17, 18 provided in the region of a second over-center interlock 32, 75, 85, 93 is detected in a range between a first and a second threshold value. As with the variant already mentioned, such a detection can also take place when the door drive 34 is switched off, that is to say in a largely load-free state.
However, the sensors 13, 17, 18 can also be used to detect a break in the swiveling sliding door module 100... 107. For example, an alarm for a break in the sliding door module 100... 107 may be triggered when movement of the at least one component of an over-center latch 30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93 and / or a force on or in the same is detected after switching on the door drive 34 below a predetermined limit value. In this case, the movement of the door drive 34 or the force applied by this is not forwarded to the door leaf 20, 21,22, which suggests that there has been a break within the drive train. For example, the tooth flanks of a motor pinion could be broken or worn. An alarm for a break in the sliding door module 100..107 can also be triggered when a movement of said component and / or a force is detected on or in the same in egg nem area above a third threshold, although the door drive 34 is turned off. For example, external forces acting on the swing-and-slide door module 100... 107 may lead to movement within the swing-and-slide door module 100... 107 without being initiated by a door drive 34. However, these are so great in this case that an increased bearing clearance or play in the drive train can no longer be held responsible. Similarly, if the deviation between the first output signal of a first sensor 13, 17, 18 provided in the region of a first over-tether lock 30, 31, 74, 84, 92 and the second output signal is an alarm for a break in the sliding door module 100 a second sensor 13, 17, 18 provided in the region of a second over-center interlock 32, 75, 85, 93 is detected in a region above a third threshold value. As with the variant already mentioned, such a detection can also take place when the door drive 34 is switched off, that is to say in a largely load-free state. Again, the deviation is so great that it can no longer be assumed that increased bearing clearance, increased play in the drive train or excessive deformation in the drive train.
Another possibility for detecting an increased bearing clearance, increased play in the drive train, excessive deformation of the drive train and / or a break in the sliding door module 100..107 is the dynamic behavior of the over-center locking 30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85 , 92, 93 evaluate. Due to the masses involved, a low-pass behavior can be assumed, that is, above a certain frequency no oscillations of appreciable amplitude should occur in normal operation. If this is the case, however, it can be assumed that a connection to vibration-damping masses in the drive train is interrupted or has a limited effect. Accordingly, an alarm may be triggered for increased bearing clearance, increased driveline drag, excessive driveline deformation, and / or a break in the swing door module 100, 107 when movement of a component of an over-center latch 30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93 and / or a force on or in the same in a frequency range above a threshold value, in particular above 100 Hz, is detected.
The sensors 13, 17, 18 can finally be used to monitor the function of the door seal 5. For example, an alarm for a low pressure of the door seal 5 are triggered when a motor current and / or a force on or in a component of the Übertotpunktverriegelung 30, 31,32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93 upon reaching the Closed position of the door leaf 20, 21,22 is below a predetermined threshold. If this case occurs, it can be assumed that the door seal 5 is defective. For example, the motor current and / or the force can be measured at the dead center TP, since the highest values are to be expected there. Advantageously, said threshold value is adjusted on the basis of a measured temperature, in particular based on a measured temperature in or on the door seal 5.
Finally, it is noted that the presented pivoting sliding door module 100..107, the presented controller 38 and the presented method are not only suitable for monitoring the ongoing operation of the sliding sliding door module 100..107, but are also used for a quality test during the production thereof can. For example, it can be checked before delivery of the sliding door module 100..107 whether the tolerances are within a certain permitted range. Advantageously, not only compliance with individual tolerances, but the entire tolerance chain is tested.
The embodiments show possible embodiments of a sliding door module according to the invention 100..107, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this variation possibility due to the teaching to technical action by objective invention in the skill of those working in this technical field expert. Thus, all conceivable embodiments which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant are also included in the scope of protection.
In particular, it should be noted that the illustrated devices may in reality also comprise more components than illustrated.
For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the design of the sliding sliding door modules 100... 107, these or their components have been shown partly unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.
Reference numerals 100 .. 107 Sliding door module 20 .. 22 Door leaf 30 .. 32 Overtotpoint locking 4 Door mounting 5 Door seal 6 Wall 7 Door rebate 8 Extension lever 9 Connecting lever 10 Stop 11 Bolt 12 Bolt 13 Rotary encoder 14 Reticle 15 Detector 16 Switch 17 Sensor (eg acceleration sensor, strain gauges) 18 sensor (eg piezo pressure sensor) 19 23 upper frame 24 lower frame 25 upper door guide 26 lower door guide 27 deployment direction 28 upper linear guide 29 lower linear guide 33 sliding direction 34 door drive / motor 35 shaft 36 upper linear incremental encoder 37 lower linear incremental encoder 38 control 39 bearing 40 Rod 41 gear 42 upper motor lever 43 bearing plate 44 second gear 45 carrying roller 46 rear guide roller 47 front guide roller 48 support rail 49 rack 50 lever 51 ruler 52 detector 53 bearing 54 rod 55 lower door bearing 56 guide roller 57 bore 58 lower motor lever 59 lever 60 ruler 61 detector 62 attack 63 Stop 64 Lever 65 Lever 66 Lever 67 Fulcrum 68 Lever 69 Bearing point 70 Lever 71 Bearing point 72 Gate 73 Carrier 74 (upper) Overtotal interlocking 75 (upper) Overtotpoint interlock 76 Pin 77 Gate 78 Rack 79 Rack 80 Gear 81 Gear 82 Rotary column 83 Rotary column 84 ( lower) Overtotpoint interlock 85 (lower) Overspeed interlock 86 Bearing point 87 Bearing point 88 Transmission lever 89 Rotary lever 90 Bowden cable 91 Bowden cable 92 (middle) Overspeed interlock 93 (middle) Overtotpoint interlock TP Dead point α Deflection / amplitude of vibration aTP Overtotpoint angle

权利要求:
Claims (26)
[1]
1. Swiveling sliding door module (100..107) for a rail vehicle comprising: a door leaf (20..22), which in a Ausstellrichtung (27) and a sliding direction (33) is movable, and a first in Ausstellrichtung (27) of the door leaf (20.22) acting over-center interlock (30, 31,74, 84, 92), characterized by a first on a component (8..12) of the first over-center interlock (30, 31,74, 84, 92) arranged or on this directed sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) whose first output signal is stepless or subdivided into at least 8 stages, said component (8..12) of the first over-center interlock (30, 31, 74, 84, 92) is required to maintain a dead center.
[2]
2. Pivoting sliding door module (100..107) according to claim 1, characterized by a second on a component (8..12) of a second Übertotpunktverriegelung (32, 75, 85, 93) arranged or directed to this sensor (13, 17, 18th , 36, 37) whose first output signal is stepless or subdivided into at least 8 stages, the second over-center interlock (32, 75, 85, 93) also acting in the direction of disengagement (27) of the door leaf (20..22) and the said one Component (8..12) is required to maintain a dead center.
[3]
3. pivoting sliding door module (100..107) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first / second sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) a) for detecting at least one parameter of the spatial position of at least one moving component ( 8..12) of the first / second over-center interlock (30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93) required to maintain a dead center position, and / or b) for detecting a movement of the said component (8..12) and / or c) for detecting an acceleration of said component (8..12) and / or d) for detecting a force acting on or in said component (8..12) force.
[4]
4. swivel sliding door module (100..107) according to claim 3, characterized in that the first / second sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) in the case a) as a position sensor, rotary encoder, speed sensor with time integration or acceleration sensor with temporal Integration, in case b) as a motion sensor, position sensor with time differentiation, rotary encoder with time differentiation or acceleration sensor with time integration, in case c) as an acceleration sensor, motion sensor with time differentiation, position sensor with time differentiation or rotary encoder with time differentiation and / or in the case d) is designed as a strain gauge or piezoelectric crystal.
[5]
5. swivel sliding door module (100..107) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a on a component (8..12) of the first / second Übertotpunktverriegelung (30, 31,32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92 , 93) or actuated by this switch (16), said component (8..12) is required to maintain a dead center.
[6]
6. control (38) for determining / Flerbeführen an operating state of a sliding door module (100..107) for a rail vehicle, wherein the sliding sliding door module (100..107) in a Ausstellrichtung (27) and a sliding direction (33) movable door (20 .. 22) and a first in Ausstellrichtung (27) of the door leaf (20..22) acting Übertotpunktverriegelung (30, 31,74, 84, 92), characterized in that the controller (38) is adapted to a first stepless or an output signal of a first sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) arranged on or directed onto a component (8..12) of the first over-center interlock (30, 31, 74, 84, 92) divided into at least 8 stages to evaluate, said component (8..12) is required to maintain a dead center.
[7]
7. Control (38) according to claim 6, characterized in that the controller (38) is adapted to a second stepless or at least 8 stages divided output of a second on a component (8..12) of a second Übertotpunktverriegelung (32, 75, 85, 93) or the sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37), the second over-center interlock (32, 75, 85, 93) also being located in the direction (27) of the door leaf (20). 22) acts and said component (8..12) is required to maintain a dead center. Compare the first output signal with the second output signal and trigger an alarm for a defect of the sliding sliding door module (100..107) when the deviation between the first and the second output signal exceeds a predetermined threshold.
[8]
8. swivel sliding door module (100..107) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a controller (38) according to one of claims 6 to 7, which with the first / second sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) connected is.
[9]
9. A method for determining / inducing an operating state of a sliding door module (100..107) for a rail vehicle, wherein the sliding sliding door module (100..107) in a Ausstellrichtung (27) and a sliding direction (33) movable door (20..22 ) and a first in the Ausstellrichtung (27) of the door leaf (20..22) acting Übertotpunktverriegelung (30, 31,74, 84, 92), characterized in that a first stepless or subdivided in at least 8 stages output of a first a component (8, 12) of the first over-center locking device (30, 31, 74, 84, 92) is arranged or evaluated on this sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37), wherein said component (8 .. 12) to maintain a dead center is required.
[10]
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that a second stepless or at least 8 stages divided output of a second on a component (8..12) of a second Übertotpunktverriegelung arranged or directed to this sensor (13, 17,18, 36 , 37) is evaluated, wherein the second Übertotpunktverriegelung (32, 75, 85, 93) also in Ausstellrichtung (27) of the door leaf (20..22) acts and said component (8..12) to maintain a dead center is required , the first output signal is compared with the second output signal and an alarm for a defect of the sliding sliding door module (100..107) is triggered when the deviation between the first and the second output signal exceeds a predefinable threshold value.
[11]
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the first / second sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) a) at least one parameter of the spatial position of at least one moving component (8..12) of the first / second over-center interlock (30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93) required to maintain a dead center position, and / or b) movement of said component (8, 12) and / or c) an acceleration of said component (8..12) and / or d) a force acting on or in said component (8..12).
[12]
12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that a door drive (34) is turned off when in case a) at least one parameter of a spatial position of said component (8..12) is detected, which a closed position of the door leaf (20. 22), and / or in case b) an end of a movement of said component (8..12) is detected and / or in case c) a deceleration of a movement of said component (8..12) is detected and / or in the case of d) a force acting on or in said component (8, 12) is detected above a predefinable threshold value, and a control command for the control as the last control command influencing the closed position of the door leaf (20, 22) Closing the door (20..22) has preceded.
[13]
13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a door drive (34) in the direction of the closed position of the door leaf (20..22) is driven, if in case a) at least one parameter of a spatial position of said component (8. .12) is detected, which is associated with an opening of the door leaf (20..22) over a predefinable threshold value, and / or in the case b) the opening of the door leaf (20..22) causing movement of said component (8. 12) is detected above a predefinable threshold value and / or in case c) an opening of the door leaf (20..22) causing acceleration of said component (8..12) is detected above a predefinable threshold value and / or in case d) a force acting on the or in said component (8..12) over the opening of the door leaf (20..22) is detected above a predefinable threshold value and the last detection of the closing position of the door leaf (20..22) beeinflus sender control command is not preceded by a control command for opening the door leaf (20..22).
[14]
14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the first / second sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) in case a) during a movement of the door leaf (20..22) between an open position and a closed position with the aid of a signal occurring during this movement of a switch arranged on or actuated by a component (8, 12) of the first / second over-center interlocking (30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93) (16) is calibrated, said component (8..12) is required to maintain a dead center.
[15]
15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that an alarm for a defect of the sliding sliding door module (100..107) is triggered when a spatial position of the at least one component (8..12) and / or movement the same and / or a force on or in the same at a time outside a predetermined reference range, to which a signal during a movement of the door leaf (20..22) between an open position and a closed position occurring signal of a switch (16) is detected, the is arranged on or actuated by a component (8, 12) of the first / second over-center interlock (30, 31, 32, 74, 75, 84, 85, 92, 93), said component (8 ) is required to maintain a dead center.
[16]
16. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the actual motor current of a door drive (34) of the sliding sliding door module (100..107) in response to a signal of the first / second sensor (13,17,18, 36, 37) and / or a time is measured and an alarm for a defect of the sliding door module (100..107) or an obstacle in the direction of movement of the door leaf (20..22) is triggered when the course of the actual motor current outside a target Area is located.
[17]
17. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that an alarm for increased bearing clearance and / or play in the drive train is triggered when a movement of the at least one component (8..12) and / or a force on or in the same is detected only after a predeterminable delay time after switching on the door drive (34) and / or said movement respectively the said force remains below a threshold value.
[18]
18. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that an alarm for increased bearing clearance and / or clearance in the drive train is triggered when a movement of the at least one component (8..12) and / or a force on or in is detected in a range between a first and a second threshold, although the door drive (34) is turned off.
[19]
19. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 18, characterized in that an alarm for increased bearing clearance, increased play in the drive train and / or excessive deformation of the drive train is triggered when the deviation between the first output signal of the first sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) and the second output signal of the second sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) is detected in a range between a first and a second threshold value.
[20]
20. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 19, characterized in that an alarm for a break in the sliding sliding door module (100..107) is triggered when a movement of the at least one component (8..12) and / or a force or is detected in the same after switching on the door drive (34) below a predetermined limit.
[21]
21. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 20, characterized in that an alarm for a break in the sliding sliding door module (100..107) is triggered when a movement of the at least one component (8..12) and / or a force or is detected therein in a range above a third threshold, although the door operator (34) is off.
[22]
22. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 21, characterized in that an alarm for a break in the sliding sliding door module (100..107) is triggered when the deviation between the first output signal of the first sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) and the second output signal of the second sensor (13, 17, 18, 36, 37) is detected in a region above a third threshold value.
[23]
23. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that an alarm for increased bearing clearance, increased play in the drive train, excessive deformation of the drive train and / or a break in the sliding sliding door module (100..107) is triggered when movement of the at least one component (8..12) and / or a force on or in the same in a frequency range above a threshold value, in particular above 100 Hz, is detected.
[24]
24. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 23, characterized in that an alarm for a low pressure of a door seal (5) is triggered when a motor current and / or a force on or in the at least one component (8..12 ) is to reach the closed position of the door leaf (20..22) below a predetermined threshold.
[25]
25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the motor current and / or the force at the dead center (TP) is measured.
[26]
26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the threshold value is adjusted based on a measured temperature, in particular based on a measured temperature in or on the door seal (5).

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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AT514884B1|2016-01-15|

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EP2899092B1|2020-02-26|

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AT514884A3|2015-06-15|

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AT514887A3|2015-06-15|

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EP2899092A1|2015-07-29|

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PL2899092T3|2020-09-21|

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AT514887B1|2015-12-15|

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ES2785327T3|2020-10-06|

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AT514884A2|2015-04-15|

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法律状态:

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ATA50609/2013A|AT514884B1|2013-09-23|2013-09-23|Sliding sliding door module with dynamic safe over-center locking|

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ATA50815/2013A|AT514887B1|2013-09-23|2013-12-10|Sliding sliding door module with sensor-monitored over-center locking and operating method for this purpose|ATA50815/2013A| AT514887B1|2013-09-23|2013-12-10|Sliding sliding door module with sensor-monitored over-center locking and operating method for this purpose|

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EP14185821.7A| EP2899091B1|2013-09-23|2014-09-22|Sliding door module with over-centre locking monitored by sensors and operating method for same|

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ES14185821T| ES2732089T3|2013-09-23|2014-09-22|Pivot sliding door module with upper dead center lock monitored by sensors and operating procedure for it|

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PL14185821T| PL2899091T3|2013-09-23|2014-09-22|Sliding door module with over-centre locking monitored by sensors and operating method for same|